Since the outset of the Quaternary, whales and sharks have ruled the seas, topping a food chain with otters, seals, dugongs, ...

The Quaternary period spans the last 2.58 million years of Earth's history, including the Pleistocene and the on-going Holocene epochs. It is a time of significant climatic fluctuations and ...

Research on the Quaternary glaciation of the Iberian Peninsula reveals a complex record of glacial advances and retreats interwoven with episodes of rapid climate change. Detailed geomorphological and ...

Paleoclimatic reconstruction -- Climate and climatic variation -- Dating methods 1 -- Dating methods 2 -- Ice cores -- Marine sediments -- Loess -- Speleothems -- Lake sediments -- Nonmarine geologic ...

Climate changes usually happens over long periods of time, but during the last glacial period, extreme fluctuations in temperature occurred within just a few years. Researchers have now been able to ...